The homeland of perennial chrysanthemums is Korea, China, Japan. Perennial chrysanthemums are large-flowered and small-flowered. Large-flowered chrysanthemums do not overwinter in our conditions, but small-flowered chrysanthemums, which are Korean, winter well with us under certain conditions, in the open field.
Korean chrysanthemum blooms in mid-September, when other flowers have already bloomed, and pleases us with its flowering until frost. Korean chrysanthemum forms a sprawling or compact bush, abundantly covered with inflorescences. The diameter of the inflorescences is from 2 to 9 cm. The inflorescence is a basket consisting of many individual flowers of various colors - dark orange, lilac, yellow, red, burgundy, white. Inflorescences are of 3 types: non-double, having one row of reed flowers along the edges of the basket, semi-double, and double, consisting of some reed flowers (petals).
Chrysanthemum has branched rhizomes giving shoots up to 40 cm and numerous root shoots. Stems are erect, with thin fragile branches, stem leaves, up to 7 cm long, up to 4 cm wide, weakly cut, sometimes similar in outline to oak leaves - because of this, chrysanthemums are also called "oaks" among the people. The leaves have a peculiar, incomparable smell, and in different varieties it is different - in some it is subtle and pleasant, in others it is sharp and tart, very similar to the smell of wormwood.
The Korean chrysanthemum is highly resistant to low temperatures, and even produces seeds. During short-term autumn frosts, it is better to cover the plants with something, for example, agril, and the chrysanthemums will repay you with continued flowering.
Growing
Chrysanthemums are very photophilous and should be planted in the lightest place, protected from the wind, since in the shade, the color of the flowers fades, the stems are stretched and the flowering period is shortened. The place must be dry, where water does not stagnate, otherwise the flowers may vanish or freeze. But at the same time, the Korean chrysanthemum does not tolerate dry air and soil, watering must be regular, otherwise the stems become lignified, and the quality of flowers deteriorates greatly. The soil should be neutral; it grows poorly on acidic soils. Afraid of chrysanthemum and fresh, unripe manure, humus should be introduced when planting. The plants are fed from the end of June with a full complex fertilizer after 20–25 days, in no case getting on the leaves, because mineral fertilizers cause severe burns. Fertilizers are best applied to wet soil after rain or watering.
Reproduction
Korean chrysanthemums are propagated by seeds or vegetatively, but the offspring from seeds do not repeat the parental forms, so it is best to propagate by cuttings or by dividing the bush. Since chrysanthemums give good growth, it is dug out together with the remnants of the old root, or the whole root is divided into several parts so that there are 3-4 stems on each division and planted in a previously prepared area. The survival rate is almost 100%. In a harsh winter, the stems may die, but in the spring do not rush to dig up the root, since a little later the shoots will grow from the adventitious buds of the root system.
You can propagate chrysanthemums by cuttings. For early spring cuttings, a plant should be dug up in the fall, transplanted into a pot or box and placed in the room - and your flowering will last, and cuttings prepared. Root shoots or young shoots growing on old stems are used as cuttings. Cuttings 5–7 cm long are planted in pots or boxes with sand, well moistened and covered with polyethylene film or a glass jar. Rooted cuttings are planted in the ground when the danger of spring frosts has passed. Plants grown from both early and late cuttings bloom almost simultaneously, the timing of cuttings significantly affects only the height of the plant. Very tall plants are produced from early cuttings.
Care
Korean chrysanthemums do not form, as large-flowered in one stem, but are grown in a natural bush form, plucking out only individual shoots that have escaped above the rest.
Although Korean chrysanthemums do not freeze and grow well, for the winter you still need to cover them with a dry leaf, peat or humus.
Before sheltering, the stems should be cut, leaving stumps 15–17 cm high. In one place, chrysanthemums grow well up to 4 years, then they must be transplanted, otherwise they will lose their decorative effect - the inflorescences become smaller, the shoots are strongly stretched, the color fades.
Korean chrysanthemums are widely used in gardens, they are spectacular and beautiful in groups, in single plantings, they give an excellent cut, which stands in water for up to 3 weeks.
Korean chrysanthemum varieties included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements for the first time
- Altyn Ai - bush 56–57 cm high, 47 cm in diameter, closed, strongly leafy, medium-growing. Leaves are dark green, not pubescent. Peduncles are very strong. Terry inflorescences, dense, 8 cm in diameter, yellow. The aroma is strong, the color does not fade. Abundant flowering, up to 66 days, from mid-August.
- Bayram - bush 60 cm high, 45 cm in diameter, semi-spreading, strongly leafy. The leaves are green, smooth. The flower stalks are strong. Inflorescences are not terry, 6 cm in diameter, mauve. The aroma is specific, the color does not fade. Blossoming profusely for up to 80 days, starting in late July.
- Vivat Botaniku - bush 53 cm high, 35 cm in diameter, closed, medium-leafy. Leaves are green, not pubescent. The flower stalks are strong. Inflorescences are semi-double, 6–7 cm in diameter, yellow. The aroma is specific, the color fade slightly. Abundant flowering, up to 62 days, from mid-August.
- Waves of Agidel - bush 40 cm high, 51 cm in diameter, semi-spreading, strongly leafy. The leaves are dark green, smooth. Peduncles of medium strength. Inflorescences are semi-double, 6.5 cm in diameter, white. The aroma is specific. Bloom up to 80 days.
- Dina - bush 42–43 cm high, 40 cm in diameter, erect, medium foliage. Leaves are green, not pubescent. The flower stalks are strong. Inflorescences are semi-double, 8 cm in diameter, white. The aroma is specific. Long bloom, up to 70 days, from August 10.
- Duslyk 450 - bush 62 cm high, 65 cm in diameter, erect, strong foliage. The leaves are dark green, smooth. The stalks are strong. Inflorescences are semi-double, 6 cm in diameter, dark red. The aroma is specific, the color does not fade, flowering 45 days from the beginning of September.
- Zemfira - bush 50 cm high, 50 cm in diameter, closed, medium foliage. The leaves are green, smooth. The flower stalks are strong. Inflorescences are non-double, 4.5 cm in diameter, light pink. The aroma is specific, the color fade slightly. Abundant flowering, up to 80 days, from the end of July.
- Golden Yurt - bush 35 cm high, 45 cm in diameter, average foliage. The leaves are dark green, smooth. The flower stalks are strong. Inflorescences are semi-double, with a diameter of 5.5 cm, yellowish-orange. The aroma is specific, the color fade slightly. Abundant flowering, up to 77 days, from the end of July.
- Lenvera - bush 57 cm high, 49 cm in diameter, semi-sprawling, medium foliage, rapidly growing. Leaves are dark green, not pubescent. The flower stalks are strong. Inflorescences are semi-double, 6.5 cm in diameter, purple with a pinkish-yellowish tinge. The aroma is strong, the color does not fade. Blossoming up to 80 days, from the beginning of August.
- Autumn Dreams - bush 50 cm high, 45 cm in diameter, semi-spreading, medium-leafy. Leaves are green, not pubescent. The stalks are strong. Inflorescences are semi-double, 7.5 cm in diameter, yellow. The aroma is strong, the color fade slightly. Blossoming 85 days.
- Regina - bush 40 cm high, 37 cm in diameter, closed, medium foliage. The leaves are dark green, smooth. The flower stalks are strong. Inflorescences are semi-double, 7 cm in diameter, purple. The aroma is strong, the color fade slightly. Blossoming up to 85 days.
- Country Aigul - bush 45 cm high, 43 cm in diameter, closed, compact, medium foliage, slowly growing. The leaves are dark green, smooth.The flower stalks are strong. Inflorescences are semi-double, 7 cm in diameter, purple. The aroma is specific, the color fade slightly. Abundant flowering, up to 50 days, from September 10.
- Khadiya Davletshina - bush 44 cm high, 40 cm in diameter, closed, compact, medium foliage, slowly growing. Leaves are dark green, not pubescent. Peduncles of medium strength. Inflorescences are semi-double, 8 cm in diameter, purple. Average aroma, color does not fade. Abundant flowering, up to 65 days.
- Shikhans of Bashkiria - bush 77 cm high, 64 cm in diameter, erect, medium foliage, rapidly growing. Leaves are green, not pubescent. The flower stalks are strong. Inflorescences are non-double, 7 cm in diameter, pale red. The aroma is medium, the color fade slightly. Abundant flowering, up to 63 days, from the end of July.
