Useful information

Stranger Yoshta

Yoshta

Yoshta(Joshta)- this name, unusual for the Russian ear, came from two German words: black currant - johannisbeere and gooseberries - stachelbeere... They took two initial letters from the first word, three from the second. And we got such an unusual word - yoshta.

This fruit and berry culture is completely new for the vast majority of gardeners, it is a hybrid of gooseberries and black currants. To date, breeders in different countries have obtained several hybrids of these plants - Yoshta, Krondal, Kroma, Rike and others. They all differ from each other in the appearance of the bush, the shape and color of the leaves, weight, color and taste of berries, yield and some other biological characteristics.

In relation to this plant, which was not previously found in nature, Russian experts and gardeners have no consensus: some admire the achievements in the field of genetic engineering, while others oppose such experiments.

That is why articles about this plant appear in print quite often with directly opposite reviews about it. Therefore, one should not especially listen to these articles, no matter how colorfully it is written, tk. they reflect only the personal position of the author of the article.

And the purpose of this article is just a desire to familiarize novice gardeners with this plant, without getting into an argument with supporters and opponents of yoshta.

Yoshta bloom
Yoshta bloom

Outwardly, yoshta does not look like black currants or gooseberries. Yoshta bushes are powerful, spreading plants up to 2 meters high and a crown diameter of up to 2.5 meters. They have great vigor and form shoots up to 1.5 meters long. On these shoots, in contrast to the gooseberry, thorns are completely absent.

Compared to black currants, yoshta branches and fruits are more durable, the plant forms fewer new shoots and does not require heavy pruning. And yoshta does not form root shoots. The frost resistance of plants is extremely insufficient, so they must be planted in a place protected from the cold wind, and for the winter they must be very well protected from low temperatures. Compared to black currant, yoshta has a significantly greater resistance to powdery mildew, kidney mites, and some viral diseases. It is not demanding for soil conditions, it grows on almost all types of soils.

Yoshta leaves are large, shiny, similar to gooseberry leaves, but much larger and without the aroma of black currant. The flowers are large, white, the berry clusters are short, have 3-5 berries, very firmly attached to the peduncle. The berries are black, with a purple bloom, have a firm skin, and are cherry-shaped in size and shape. When fully ripe, they are juicy, sweet and sour, with a pleasant nutmeg aroma, practically do not crumble. In terms of vitamin C content, they are inferior to black currants and are significantly superior in this respect to gooseberries.

According to reviews appearing in periodicals, yoshta fruits are used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, they improve blood circulation and contribute to the elimination of radioactive substances and heavy metals from the body.

According to numerous reviews, the yield of yoshta is much lower than that of its parents. But some gardeners argue that in order to obtain a higher and stable berry yield near the yoshta, it is necessary to plant a black currant bush and a gooseberry bush. Whether this is so or not, which of them is right and which is wrong - you can, if you wish, also experience it.

Yoshta

Yoshta can easily be propagated by lignified and green cuttings, vertical and horizontal layers and seeds. Lignified cuttings are harvested in early autumn and planted in a weed-free, loose and fertile soil, without covering the upper bud with soil. Then they are mulched with humus or peat with a layer of 3-5 cm, watered and slightly squeezed the ground.

In spring, caring for them is the same as for cuttings of rooted black currants.The main task for good rooting is to provide an optimal moisture and nutrition regime for the rooted plants.

For seed propagation, yoshta seeds are mixed with wet steamed sand and kept in the refrigerator until spring, occasionally moistening the sand and checking if the seeds have germinated prematurely. If the seeds hatch ahead of time, then they are placed in a snow pile before sowing or the germinating seeds are planted in flower pots on the windowsill. By mid-May, after air hardening, seedlings can be planted in open ground.

Pruning of branches is almost not required, only in the spring it is necessary to prune frozen or dried branches. Further care for yoshta is exactly the same as for black currant. It should be borne in mind that it is hygrophilous, requires an increased content of potassium in the soil, is responsive to feeding with slurry or mullein solution, and in the fall - to feeding with wood ash.

Among other things, yoshta is suitable for landscaping the site and for creating a beautiful hedge. Its powerful bushes grow well anywhere, even with minimal maintenance - it requires almost no pruning and almost no pain.

"Ural gardener", No. 42, October, 2010

Copyright en.greenchainge.com 2024

$config[zx-auto] not found$config[zx-overlay] not found