Pear is one of the most popular fruit crops in the world. Its fruits contain monosaccharides, organic acids in an easily digestible form, trace elements, vitamins. In the Ural varieties, which originate from the Ussuri pear, there is a biologically active substance - arbutin, which is necessary for the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases.
The natural habitats of wild pear species do not extend to the zone of the Middle Urals, which is the reason for the lack of local varieties of folk selection. The peculiar climate with short summers and cold winters prevents the cultivation of varieties from other regions.
At present, thanks to the efforts of the breeders of the Sverdlovsk station, the formation of an assortment has begun, adapted to the climate of the Middle Urals and meeting modern requirements for the quality of fruits.
For the conditions of the Sverdlovsk region, varieties of selection by L.A. Kotov with fruits of different ripening periods:
Talitsa is a variety of early summer ripening. Mature trees are highly winter-resistant, vigorous, with a pyramidal crown. Fruits are yellow, round, 70 g, juicy, very good sweet and sour taste (average score 4.3 points). Consumed within 5-7 days. The variety has a high annual yield.
Zarechnaya is a variety of summer ripening. The trees are winter-hardy, low, with a rounded crown. Fruits are yellow, with an orange blush, pear-shaped, 110 g, good (4.1 points) sweet and sour taste. Consumed within 10 days. The variety is distinguished by its early maturity, high yield, resistance to gall mite.
Permyachka is a summer ripening variety. Trees are moderately hardy, tall, with a wide-pyramidal crown. Fruits are yellow, with a blush, ribbed, bell-shaped, 150 g, good (4.2 points) sweet taste. Consumed within 10 days.
The penguin is a summer ripening variety. Trees are moderately hardy, with a pyramidal crown. The branches are ringed. Fruits are yellow, with an orange blush, pear-shaped, 100 g, good (4.2 points) sweet and sour taste. Consumed within 2-3 days. The variety is resistant to gall mites.
Chusovaya is a variety of early autumn ripening period. The trees are winter-hardy, vigorous, with a pyramidal crown. Fruits are greenish-yellow, with a slight blush, diamond-shaped, 90 g, with crispy flesh, good (4.2 points) sweet taste. The variety is resistant to gall mites.
Guidon is a variety of autumn ripening period. The trees are winter-hardy, medium-sized, with a rounded crown. Fruits are yellow, often without blush, pear-shaped, 130 g, with crispy flesh, good (4.1 points) sweet and sour taste. Consumed within 10 days. The variety is distinguished by its early maturity, annual high yield, and resistance to gall mites.
Dobryanka is a variety of the autumn ripening period. Trees are moderately hardy, with a wide-pyramidal crown. The fruits are green, with a light brown blush, pear-shaped, 130 g, juicy, very good (4.5 points) sweet and sour taste. Consumed within 14 days.
Berezhenaya - a variety of late autumn ripening. The trees are winter-hardy, tall, with a pyramidal crown. Fruits are yellow, round in shape, 90 g, juicy, good sweet and sour taste (4.2 points). Stored until November. The variety is distinguished by its annual yield, resistance to gall mite.
The pink barrel is a late autumn variety. Fruits are greenish-yellow, with a bright dark pink blush, large, 180 g, good (4.2 points) sweet and sour taste. Stored until November.
Seedling Rossoshanskaya dessert - a variety of winter ripening period. Fruits are yellow, with a bright orange blush, wide pear-shaped, large, 180 g, with crispy pulp, good (4.0 points) sweet and sour taste. Stored until January. The variety is characterized by resistance to gall mites.
Of the varieties bred in conjunction with other scientific institutions, the Rainbow variety is offered.
Rainbow (selection by E.A. Falkenberg, YUNIIPOK, Chelyabinsk) - a variety of summer ripening. In the conditions of Yekaterinburg, trees are winter-hardy, of medium height, with a wide-pyramidal crown. Fruits are greenish-yellow, sometimes with a blush, rounded, 130 g, good (4.2 points) sour-sweet taste. Consumed within 10 days. The variety has a high annual yield, resistance to gall mites.
The offered pear varieties are heterogeneous in their winter hardiness. Therefore, when choosing an assortment for your garden, you must take into account its location and microclimate. When choosing a place for planting trees, preference should be given to sunny areas that are closed from cold northwestern winds, avoiding the close standing of groundwater.
Pear is a cross-pollinated crop, so at least two trees of different varieties should be planted on the site.
